Van Morrisons Brown Eyed Girl Song Essay -- Music Compare Contrast Es

Van Morrison's Brown Eyed Girl Song At the point when we hear the melody Brown-Eyed Girl, it is protected to expect most of us think about the Van Morrison form that was first presented in quite a while collection Blowin’ Your Mind, discharged in 1967. Since that time the song’s legend and ubiquity have developed to uncommon statures. Numerous craftsmen have revamped the tune, some with a comparative music style to Morrison (like Jimmy Buffet), and others of a totally unique kind like the underground rock band Green Day. In my paper I will contend that the complex contrasts between the two tunes are not a boundary. Or maybe, in blend with the likenesses partner with spread melodies, they structure a scaffold between two classifications. For this situation, it is accomplished by growing people’s tastes that are utilized to delicate stone, to underground rock, and visa versa. By representing the similitudes and contrasts between the two works, I will show how the intrigue of the two melodies is conce ivable between two assorted listening gatherings. Morrison has been a productive and famous craftsman since the time the late 1960’s. He has discharged almost one collection for each year since his first performance recording, following the separation of Them. Morrison has recorded with various names, which has permitted his collections to fall basically into double cross periods. For the early piece of Morrison’s vocation, his melodies were less evolved because of his naiveté and absence of independence. During the later part, he dealt with his music to where he basically turned into his own mark. Morrison’s variant of Brown-Eyed Girl was created during this season of freedom. The motivation for the tune originated from one of Morrison’s companions, who was the spouse of the celebrated Brown-Eyed Girl. She w... ...: I might want to recognize the individuals who where instrumental in helping me set up this paper. A unique much gratitude goes out to my colleagues and considerably more explicitly my gathering individuals Benjamin Mickle, Andrew Wallace, and Jeffrey Sheely. From their recommendation in fluctuating my sentence structure, to the pushing of more portrayal, I had the option to improve my paper. Much obliged to all of you. End Note: 1. The Van Morrison Website. Sept. 15, 2002. <http://www.harbour.sfu.ca/~hayward/van/van.html> Sources: Engel, Edo. Green Day Home Page. Sept. 14, 2002. <http://pmwww.cs.vu.nl/home/edoe/Green_Day/> Dim, Brian. WWW.GREENDAY.NET. Sept. 15, 2002. <http://www.greenday.net/> Hayward, Michael. The Van Morrison Website. Sept. 15, 2002. <http://www.harbour.sfu.ca/~hayward/van/van.html> Van Morrison Praise Page. Sept. 14, 2002. <http://www.comp-wiz.com/van/>

Assignment 7 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Task 7 - Research Paper Example Also, the kept observing of care will help the clinical specialist in understanding where to begin and in checking whether the upgrades are continued. Along the course of the fall anticipation program, the clinical professional should assess the fall rates occurring at the emergency clinic just as the adequacy of the fall avoidance system. The quality improvement model should involve the standard observing of the clinical results of the medical clinic; the marker is the quantity of falls per 1000 patient bed days. The subsequent region to be observed is the consideration forms executed; the pointers to be caught incorporate the elements powering fall dangers and the activities taken to decrease a patient’s danger of falling. The third territory to be checked is the foundation expected to help the prescribed procedures being looked for, and the markers to be caught remember the cooperation of the preventive group for an interdisciplinary style (Oldrich, Kalman and Nigolian, 2012). In building up the proportions of following the factors of fall rates and the viability of fall counteraction systems under usage, the clinical professional and the medical clinic, when all is said in done, should address two significant inquiries. These inquiries incorporate 1) what direction can empower the gatherings to quantify the paces of falls and fall-related wounds and 2) what direction will empower the gatherings to gauge the viability of the fall-counteraction procedures actualized? All through the way toward actualizing the fall anticipation program, the emergency clinic and the staffs managing the fall avoidance program should check the accompanying result territories: Regardless of whether episode reports were overhauled, in a way that permitted the clinical staff to cover progressively explicit regions in care conveyance, especially the regions that are viewed as components expanding or

Does Using Tranquilizers Help Veterans With PTSD

Does Using Tranquilizers Help Veterans With PTSD PTSD PTSD and the Military Print Does Using Tranquilizers Help Veterans With PTSD? Tranquilizers are not recommended for long term use By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 24, 2019 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children Getty Images News There are a number of treatments available for people with PTSD, including both psychological treatments such as talk therapy and medications such as tranquilizers. With regard to medications, the American Psychiatric Association recommends selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for the treatment of PTSD. What Are SSRIs? SSRIs are generally considered anti-depressant medications. Serotonin is a chemical in your brain thats involved in regulating mood, as well as other functions. Some people have imbalances in the serotonin systems in their brains, contributing to feelings of depression or anxiety. SSRIs prevent the breakdown, or reuptake, of serotonin by your brain â€" increasing the available levels of serotonin, which is thought to eventually improve mood. Several studies have found that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may be useful in the treatment of PTSD. What Are Benzodiazepines? Benzodiazepines are another medication that may be prescribed for PTSD. The term benzodiazepines refer to a class of drugs that have a sedative effect and are often used to successfully alleviate anxiety. These drugs, often referred to as tranquilizers, result in a relatively quick reduction in anxiety.? Although benzodiazepines may be prescribed for PTSD, certain organizations, including the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and the Department of Defense (DoD), do not recommend benzodiazepines for the long-term management of PTSD. While these medications may be useful for some symptoms of PTSD, such as anxiety and difficulty sleeping, studies do not support their usefulness in the treatment of most PTSD symptoms, including avoidance symptoms. In addition, when not taken properly, theres potential for dependence on, or abuse of, benzodiazepines. People with PTSD and substance-abuse problems (two conditions which frequently co-occur) may be particularly at risk. Certain uses of benzodiazepines may also interfere with psychological treatments for PTSD, such as exposure therapy, in which people are instructed to confront feared situations, thoughts, and feelings and are then taught to maintain contact with these things until the fear and anxiety naturally lessen. The decision to use a benzodiazepine to instead reduce this anxiety would interfere with this process. Benzodiazepine Use in Veterans Given that the VA and DoD do not recommend the use of benzodiazepines for the long-term management of PTSD symptoms, a group of researchers from the Iowa City VA Medical Center wanted to see if benzodiazepine use in veterans changed over the course of 11 years. They looked at medical records (from 1998 to 2009) of a large number of veterans with PTSD and found that, although the number of veterans with PTSD being treated in the VA increased, the frequency of benzodiazepine use among veterans with PTSD decreased from about 37 to 31 percent. New patients were the least likely to be prescribed benzodiazepines and those who did receive a benzodiazepine received a low dose. Finally, the number of long-term users of benzodiazepines also decreased. Addressing Your PTSD Symptoms The results of this study show that mental health professionals appear to be prescribing benzodiazepines less for the treatment of PTSD. Although the exact reasons for this are not clear from this study, the findings are promising. They may suggest that mental health professionals are more aware of the potential risks of prescribing benzodiazepines for PTSD, and they may also suggest that mental health professionals are relying more on the wide variety of other treatments or medications that have been found useful for people with PTSD. Although the long-term use of benzodiazepines may be associated with some risks, its important to remember that no treatments for PTSD are risk-free. Even psychological treatments for PTSD are associated with some side effects, such as a potential initial increase in anxiety. In addition, your doctor may recommend the short-term management of certain symptoms of PTSD with benzodiazepines. In getting treatment for your PTSD, its important to work with your doctor or other health professionals to identify the best treatment for your symptoms. In addition, its incredibly important to make sure you follow the guidelines set up by your doctor or other health professionals, especially when it comes to medications. Doing so can help minimize risks as well as maximize the benefits of any treatment.

Health Promotion And Disease Prevention - 3437 Words

In question one, I identify health promotion and disease prevention in the field of heart failure (HF) as my specific research focus. The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) cites the need to promote innovations that empower individuals to make decisions about their health and become personally involved in disease prevention and illness management (Research, 2011). Individuals with heart failure must maintain wellness and recognize signs of cardiac decompensation in order to respond promptly to threats of acute cardiac crisis (Riegel Dickson, 2008). In the setting of HF, self-regulation describes the performance of these constructive behaviors that help preserve health and avoid illness (Horowitz, Rein, Leventhal, 2004). In order to address the behavioral and cognitive factors that influence heart failure self-care, I have chosen the commonsense model of self-regulation (CSM) as the guiding theoretical model for my program of research (Howard Leventhal, Diefenbach, Leven thal, 1992). Theoretical Model: The Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation The CSM depicts the behavior of patients as a product of a naturalistic decision-making based on their interpretation of a disease and its symptoms (Brissette, Leventhal, Leventhal, 2003). The framework has been used to describe self-regulation behavior for a number of chronic conditions including hypertension (Kronish, Leventhal, Horowitz, 2012), diabetes (Breland, McAndrew, Burns, Leventhal, Leventhal,Show MoreRelatedHealth Promotion And Disease Prevention871 Words   |  4 PagesChronic disease is one of the leading causes of death. People get a chronic disease because of tobacco use, poor diet, lack of physical activities and host among others things. The question is why we are not taking on the initiative on improving the quality of life by at eliminating the things that causes chronic diseases. Lately, there have been numerous of debates on whether prevention or treatment saves money. Some have argued that the prevention cannot save money, but rather increases the costRead MoreHealth Promotion And Disease Prevention1000 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Health promotion is an attempt to improve the health status of an individual or community, and is concerned with the prevention of disease, though this is not its only purpose, as health is not merely the absence of disease† ( Maben, Clark, 1995, p. 1163). Health promotion is commonly used term in health care world, and in current society the promotion of health has greater significance, especially with the rise in consumerism. Health promotion is a vital concept for nursing, symbolizing notionsRead MoreHealth Promotion And Disease Prevention1239 Words   |  5 Pagesbe anything wrong with living that way, the US Department of Health and Human Services (Healthy People 2020, 2010) set out to create a program to promote health across all stages of life. That is where Healthy People 2020 comes in. Healthy People 2020 is an approach wit h a set purpose, a list of multi sector priorities, and a program which affects nursing practice/patient care (Healthy People 2020, 2010). The US Department of Health and Human Services developed the â€Å"Healthy People† program overRead MoreHealth Promotion And Disease Prevention996 Words   |  4 PagesHealth promotion and disease prevention encompass many similar contributing factors. Disease prevention is often defined as a medical based model targeting a person’s biology not the person as a whole and focuses on maintaining one’s health (Tengland, 2010). 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Statistic indicated that mental health disorders are the leading cause of disability in United States and Canada, while suicide is the 11th leading cause of death that killed approximately 30,000 American each year (â€Å"Mental Health and MentalRead MoreReligion And Health Promotion, Disease Prevention, And Illness953 Words   |  4 PagesMany religious customs and laws extend from the early apprehensions involved with economic needs as well as health and safety regarding the consumption of certain foods or liquids. These issues resulted from the lack of preservation and purification techniques for foods and liquids and the concern of the scholars, usually the religious, in connection to health promotion, disease prevention, and illness (Waibel, n.d.). However, the views of the past d iminish with the advent of electricity and ourRead MoreHealth Promotion Program Proposal On Lyme Disease Prevention1634 Words   |  7 Pages Health Promotion Program Proposal on Lyme disease Prevention My health promotion program will focus on Lyme disease. My state-Maryland is number one in the list of top ten states for Lyme disease in United States. According to Physicians Now (2016), Although there were fewer cases of Lyme disease reported in 2012 than in previous years, the illness is still more common in Maryland than in many other states. There were 1,113 confirmed cases and 538 suspected cases in 2012, according to the Centers

Crime Is An Organization Essay - 2026 Words

1) So called â€Å"white collar† or â€Å"occupational† crime seems to be receiving more attention than ever these days, which is more of an indictment of its lax enforcement historically than of any indication of a truly reformed modern stance. What is meant is that this particular type of crime is so engrained into our culture that the famed Sociologist Edwin Sutherland estimates that fully 90% of our top seventy companies are â€Å"habitually criminal† in their actions (Schmalleger 404). Yet only recently has there been thought to the effect that these types of crime do serious harm to our society and should be punished accordingly. â€Å"White collar† crime is an umbrella label that can span the types of crimes committed by a large corporation against the public, like price fixing, anti-trust violations, defrauding of the public (Enron would be a good example of this), and other actions in violation of regulatory controls. The term can also be appl ied to more individual type crimes including embezzlement, insider trading, cronyism (the idea of sweetheart contracts (Lecture Notes 4/9)), as well as tax evasion. These two sub categories are quite different but have two striking similarities: both by their very nature require the offender to have attained a certain relative social position merely to have the opportunity to commit such a crime and both are far more prevalent and serious than ever realized. That is what makes these crimes so difficult to both define and uncover. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Yakuza a Large Crime Organization Essay654 Words   |  3 Pagesdoing. The yakuza is a large crime organization that has thousands of members that span throughout the entire world. 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Organized crime groups are just one more of those social institutions. In this paper we will review the term social institution as it applies to organized crime, and reveal the theories

Amst 301 Free Essays

AMERICAN STUDIES 301 MIDTERM Please include a title for the midterm, TA name, and staple Description of assignment: Compose an anthology of thirteen quotations drawn from the materials assigned for the first three sections of this course (Parts I, II and III). The anthology will consist of a preface, short commentaries on each quotation, and a conclusion. The anthology should be governed by a theme (or a set of two topics aligned to the concerns of the first four sections of the syllabus) that offer a way to unite together the diverse materials for this course. We will write a custom essay sample on Amst 301 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The best anthologies (those that will receive an A or A- grade) will be ones where the theme enables the student to inquire into the complexities of American culture and where both the structure and content of the midterm manifest democratic thinking (i. e. , examining an issue by looking at it from multiple points of view) and integrative thinking (i. e, finding similarities or making syntheses between separate, diverse voices). Texts for the assignment: Draw one quotation from each of the following texts or set of texts. Present the quotation and cite the text and page number of the quote (if the page number is available). Then provide your analysis of the quotation. Note: You should feel free and encouraged to arrange the quotes and commentaries in whatever order you find most appropriate and compelling. It’s best not to arrange the quotes in the order presented in the list of texts that follows. Compose an arrangement that allows you to create the most interesting and revealing conversation—or dialogue and debate–among the texts. . Carroll, ed. , Letters from a Nation 2. Katz, ed. , Why Freedom Matters 3. Smith, Twilight: Los Angeles, 1992 4. Cumings, Dominion from Sea to Sea, chapters 2, 10 or 11 5. O’Hearn, ed. , Half + Half: Writers on Growing Up Biracial and Bicultural 6. Essays on Los Angeles by Christopher Isherwood, Sonora McKeller, Wanda Coleman, Jimmy Santiago Baca, Lynell George, or Bill Bradley. 7. Political oratory or writings by John Winthrop, Abigail Adams, Thomas Jefferson or Frederick Douglass 8. Herman Melville, â€Å"Bartleby, the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street† or Nathaniel Hawthorne, â€Å"A Gray Champion† 9. Black, Our Constitution: The Myth That Binds Us 10. Political oratory by Woodrow Wilson, Franklin Roosevelt, Martin Luther King, Jr. , Thurgood Marshall, Mario Cuomo, Ronald Reagan, Barack Obama, or Bernie Sanders. 11. Essays or Speeches by Tony Kushner, James Baldwin, Stanley Crouch or Cornell West 12. Poetry by Pat Mora, Gloria Anzaldua, Ariana Waynes, Beau Sia, Steve Connell, Langston Hughes, or lines from comedy skits and writings by Culture Clash 13. John Leland, Hip: The History, David Brooks, On Paradise Drive: How We Live Now (and Always Have) in the Future Tense, or any quotation of your own selection drawn from American music, film, literature, history, politics, including lines from movies or lyrics from a song. Analysis of the texts: Write a commentary on each quotation that is between 3-5 sentences in length. The commentary should be more than a paraphrase of the passage: it should seek to illuminate the significance of the passage and connect the passage to other passages through comparisons and contrasts. The commentary should develop the theme or governing idea of the anthology as a whole. It is vital in these commentaries to explicate the passage first and foremost from the point of view of its author rather than to offer your personal opinion of it. Consider the commentary an act of empathic listening and of comparative or contextual analysis. Seek to understand the passage in its own context rather than just declaring its personal significance to you. Comment on the language and specific details of the passage and make both comparisons and contrasts to other texts in the anthology. Preface : Write a 1-2 page Preface to this anthology in which you introduce and explain the orchestrating theme or themes of this anthology—-the topics, concerns, issues, arguments that govern selection of the quotations you use to compose this anthology. The Preface should be similar to a presenting a thesis to a 5-7 page critical essay in Writing 140 or 340. Conclusion: Conclude the anthology with a paragraph in which you briefly explain which text or reading assignment was most important for your education so far. Select the one text or assigned reading that you feel should definitely be included in the syllabus when I teach this course in a future semester. The task of this anthology (beyond revealing that you have studied the wide range of materials assigned so far for this course) is to find sources of unity in the diversity of the materials. Advice for the Midterm When commenting upon texts for the midterm and when choosing a theme or set of themes to orchestrate your midterm anthology, I recommend that you keep in mind the approaches of Anna Deavere Smith and Michael Kammen to American culture as described below. Smith believes that words can be â€Å"the doorway into the soul of a culture,† and in Talk to Me: Listening Between the Lines (2000), she writes, â€Å"I set out across America, on a search for American character. My search was specifically to find America in its language. I interview people and communities about the events of our time, in the hope that I will be able to absorb America†¦. This is a country of many tongues, even if we stick to English. Placing myself in other people’s words, as in placing myself in other people’s shoes, has given me the opportunity to get below the surface—to get ‘real. † When you comment upon these texts, try to place yourself â€Å"in other people’s words† as if placing yourself â€Å"in their shoes. † Listen to what is said and what may be hidden between the lines, and comment upon both. Consider also what might be revealed about a text by comparing and contrasting its words with v oices from other texts or by juxtaposing its words against the words of a different text. Compose this anthology, in other words, by â€Å"downloading† and â€Å"mixing† and â€Å"sampling† voices to burn your own CD representing and reflecting upon the â€Å"American sound. And just as in Hendrix’s version of â€Å"The Star Spangled Banner,† your anthology can give us sounds and voices of dissonance as well as harmony. Smith also writes in Talk to Me: â€Å"My pursuit of American character is, basically, a pursuit of difference. Character lives in that which is unique. What is unique about America is the extent to which it does, from time to time, pull off being a merged culture. Finding American character is a process of looking at fragments, of looking at the unmerged. One has to do the footwork, one has to move from place to place, one has to stand outside. Your anthology will be composed of a set of 12 quotations, and each quotation can be c onsidered a fragment. When commenting upon each fragment or text, try to relate the fragment to other fragments. Seek out and explain places of merger or agreement among the fragments. But also be willing to see each fragment as unique, as a different take or look or perspective on your theme. The various quotations will come from different places, different times, and along with noting the specific time and place of each quotation, you should note on occasion how the quotations differ or disagree with each other. The anthology should, in effect, create a conversation and dialogue and debate—or a drama or a jazz performance–among the texts, playing one text off another. Consider each voice a solo or a monologue whose performance you analyze, but let your commentaries and the structure of the anthology as a whole be a jazz orchestra, or a play, or a congress of voices checking and balancing each other. A crucial part of the anthology will be your selection of a theme or themes that will enable you to unite together the different materials for the course. If you conceive of the anthology as part of an attempt to understand some aspect of the â€Å"American character,† you can follow the path of Michael Kammen who advises us to seek out paradoxes and contradictions within American culture. He notes that many have tried to provide a master key to unlock the mystery of the American character, proposing such single explanations as the Puritan sense of mission, the westward movement of the frontier, the desire for opportunity and open land, the effects of immigration, or the story of freedom. But any â€Å"quest for national character, culture, or style,† Kammen cautions, â€Å"plunges one into a tangle of complex historical considerations,† and he draws upon the writings of Erik Erikson to remind us, â€Å"It is commonplace to state that whatever one may come to consider a truly American trait can be shown to have its equally characteristic opposite. † There is no simple answer and no one right answer to the question: â€Å"What is the American character? You might say that America is a place of â€Å"mixed messages† and that it will take some â€Å"hard work† to understand the complexity of the struggle for democracy, freedom, justice, equality, and a more perfect union in America. Godfrey Hodgson in his book, More Equal Than Others: American from Nixon to the New Century (2004) gives us an wonderful update on Kammen’s attempt to see Americans as a â€Å"people of paradox. † Hodgson writes, â€Å"At the beginning of of the twenty-first century, the United States was a mature civilization marked by striking, well-rooted contradictions. It is (and the list of pairs by no means exhausts the difficulties facing anyone who attempts a simplistic analysis) generally pacific but occasionally bellicose; religious yet secular; innovative but conservative; tough but tender; aggressive yet reluctant to incur casualties; egalitarian by instinct but stratified in tiers of wide and growing inequality; puritan yet self-indulgent; conformist but full of independent-minded people; devoted to justice, but in many ways remarkably unfair; idealistic yet given to cynicism. (â€Å"Nice guys finish last† is almost a national motto. At some times it can be self-confident to the verge of complacency, at others self-doubting to the point of neurosis. † When choosing a theme for you anthology, I recommend that you search for a topic that allows you to study America by highlighting at least one or two of the contradictions or paradoxes within its â€Å"character. † You can draw upon the list of contradictions/paradoxes/ te nsions/conflicts as possible topics of themes for your anthology. Freedom vs. Tyranny Liberty vs. Slavery Equality vs. Hierarchy (or Supremacy) Democracy vs. Monarchy/Aristocracy or Imperialism/Empire Democracy vs. Racism/Sexism (or the Tyranny of the Majority) Tradition vs. Revolution/Innovation Purity (or virtue) vs. corruption Exclusion vs. Inclusion Culture clash—culture merger Memory (studying the past) vs. Forgetting (letting go, living in the present) Born to Run/Born to be Wild vs. Stability/Civilization/the Home The Founding Fathers Know Best vs. The Sins of the Fathers Democracy vs. Theocracy Church—State Religion—politics Letter of the law—spirit of the law (or a higher law) Unity—-diversity Melting pot—-mosaic Assimilation—roots Majority–Minority Insiders—outsiders (outcasts) More perfect union—individualism Self-interest vs. fraternity (brotherhood) Care for self vs. Care for others (caritas) Materialism—-spirituality Gold—God Success-failure Happiness—misery Blues–gospel Mobility-fixity Tradition—innovation Conformity—revolt Parents—children (generational conflict) Machismo—feminismo Country—city Civilization—savagery Hope—-fear Privilege—equality Reverence–irreverence Authority—-rebellion Provincialism—cosmopolitanism Country-city Myth vs. history Stories we want to hear vs. stories we need to hear Format: Title Preface 1. Anna Deavere Smith, Talk to Me: Listening Between the Lines (2000): I set our across America, on a search for American character. My search was specifically to find America in its language. I interview people and communities about the events of our time, in the hope that I will be able to absorb America†¦. This is a country of many tongues, even if we stick to English. Placing myself in other people’s words, as in placing myself in other people’s shoes, has given me the opportunity to get below the surface—to get ‘real. ’ (p. 12) 3-5 sentences of commentary 2. Author, title quotation: xxxxxxxxxxx 3-5 sentences of commentary Conclusion How to cite Amst 301, Papers

Evolution of Architecture free essay sample

The Evolution of Architecture due to several analyzed themes (Gothic architecture and Modern architecture) Abstract This paper contains a comparative analysis of the evolution of architecture in relation to Gothic revival and Modern Architecture. In this comparative analysis the similarities and differences of each style are highlighted and discussed. It further discusses and illustrates the elements which are unique to each style. The buildings which are the subject of this analysis includes: St. Patrick’s Roman Cathedral at Jemmotts Lane in Barbados, St. Agnes Parish Church in the Bahamas (gothic revival) and the Winchester Business Centre on Hope Road, Kingston, Jamaica and Michi Supercenter on Washington Boulevard, Kingston, Jamaica (modern architecture). Language—a complex term—just like architecture, is difficult to define. However, in some ways, it is not entirely impossible to do so. One can assume that architecture is just a building and identify it as such, but architecture is undoubtedly not just putting up an elaborate or highly decorated building. Rather, it can be considered to be a progression that inspires the intersection between humans and the world, and connects humans to the empty space they live in,( Hooker, 1996). Architecture does this by organizing the empty space, through the use of physical materials. Throughout the ages, architecture has been constantly evolving due to several analyzed themes. These themes include; the materials used, design, style and architectural elements. Through different interpretations of these themes, overtime, architecture has been seen to branch into many different styles. Of these styles, we can reflect on and compare gothic revival and modern to show the evolving nature of architecture through a discussion of architectural themes. The Gothic style of architecture, with its high rank in ecclesiastical taste, refers to the design of one of the most exalted classes of architecture produced. This style of architecture was quite prevalent during the medieval period. Gothic architecture originated in the 12th century, but with the revival in the mid-18th century, it has travelled with time into today’s modern era. It can be viewed in churches and cathedrals, where the Gothic revival style is fully and most powerfully expressed. St. Patrick’s Roman Cathedral at Jemmotts Lane in Barbados, and St. Agnes Parish Church in the Bahamas, are two interesting examples, representing the Gothic style. The Gothic revival style of architecture has bled into the modern era which has further changed and evolved this style today. St. Patrick’s Roman Cathedral St. Patrick’s Roman Cathedral Essentially gothic revival, St. Patrick’s Roman Cathedral, Barbados was originally built in 1848, but was destroyed by fire in 1897. The rebuilding of the cathedral was completed in 1899 and sanctified on August 23, 1903. In today’s era, the Catholic Church serves as a home to the largest church congregations on the island (Crain, 1994, p. 189) St. Agnes Anglican Church St. Agnes Anglican Church The St. Agnes Anglican Church located in Grants town, New Provident, The Bahamas, was built in 1868. In September of 1928 an intense hurricane devastated New Providence, leaving the beautiful structure tattered. This resulted in a complete refurbishment of the building, which was completed in May of 1929. According to Crain (1994) â€Å"The design of the church is unusual Gothic revival† (Crain, 1994, p. 195). Thus, both The St. Patrick’s Roman Catholic Church and The St. Agnes Anglican Church identify as gothic revival architecture and are very similar in construct, aiming to bring across the era they represent. Stemming from the 18th century, these churches being classic examples of unique architecture, establish their differences from that of the modern era. Modern architecture—a term which here refers to the indefinite continuous movement of time through the ages—began at the beginning of the 20th century. The efforts to keep up with the technology of the moving belt of time, made an impact on the deciding forces of architectural concepts. As society freely moved into an era of complete modernism, this modern type of architecture targeted different building forms such as schools, commercial buildings and residential homes. We can choose two such modern buildings to be The Winchester Business Centre on Hope Road, Kingston, Jamaica and Michi Supercenter on Washington Boulevard, Kingston, Jamaica. The Winchester Business Centre The Winchester Business Centre The Winchester Business Centre, unlike that of the gothic revival type of architecture, has not experienced any major disasters thus far. This is due to its new integration into today’s society. Built in June 2007, Winchester, presents a fine example of what modern architecture really is. The structure serves as housing of business suites for professional offices, light, retail, commercial and warehouse facilities (Lake Associates, 2007). Similarly, Michi Supercenter, the other example which models modern architecture, was built in April 2009. Like the business center has not been affected by disasters up till present day. Its modern architectural framing is that of a superstructure, which is currently a large supermarket and retail building. Michi Supercenter. Michi Supercenter. The modern architecture displayed in both of these buildings is without a doubt merging similarities. As it relates to the gothic revival style of architecture the differences start to add up putting each in their own special and distinct orbit. Comparative Analysis of the wall materials Comparative Analysis of the wall materials In order to identifying the differences between both styles of architecture we must begin at the foot of the dominant themes of material used, designs, styles and architectural elements. Gothic Revival architecture in St. Patrick’s Roman Cathedral is identified first by its recognizable materials. That is, very fine limestone of different grades which was readily available during that era and was highly favoured for sculptural decoration. The limestone, brick-like maneuvers were placed horizontally for complete walling, which aided in the merging of materials into the fortifications. The availability of timbre in the gothic revival era, led to the decisions to make the interior beaming system entirely of timbre. The church, which is similar to a temple like structure, depends on its large frame to give a sense of holiness. It is with this that the modern architectural style of the Winchester Business Centre can be compared. Comparative analysis: the structural support of gothic versus modern. Comparative analysis: the structural support of gothic versus modern. The concrete outer wall on this building is also due to the availability of materials in the modern era. Concrete which is widely used to define modern architecture is completely wrapped around the building. Unlike the churches built during the Gothic Revival, the modern Winchester building used steel to provide similar reinforcement as that of the timber backing. Each building’s design elements really allow the styles to stand on their own special pedestal. According to Crain, St. Patrick’s Roman Cathedral has elements such as its â€Å"pointed arches and engaged buttress†, which give the building’s form an abnormality when looking on from today’s era (Crain, 1994, p. 89). The Winchester building with its contemporary windows, square and moderately encased the relationship between the two is now able to play on its distinct difference. While the gothic revival era facilitated the use of facades, columns, rose windows, â€Å"quatrefoil windows† and other elements and emphasized the need for them to stand out, the modern architectural era (which is clearly evident through the Winchester building) incorporated the use of uniquely placed walling, pure glass, square contemporary arches and a concrete beam system. Interestingly, the St. Agnes Anglican Church with its Gothic Revival qualities, uses materials which harbor more similarities to that of the modern building—Michi. This is the concrete walling encasing the valiant interior. Thus, the material which is idolized in today’s modern era is seen in both the structures. The gothic revival structure at the St. Agnes Church however stands true to its timber construct as with most gothic churches. According to Hopkins (1836) â€Å"The pinnacles are made of stone, but where the economy must be taken into consideration, they may be made of plank or thick boards† (pg. 25). The modern building Michi also creates normality by using the same steel and beam way of supporting the building. Michi uses Zinc-like awnings to give shading devices around its structure, whilst the Anglican Church uses its elongated arches to do the same. Michi’s architectural elements include sliding doors and windows and a tinted glass facade, accompanied by clean white moldings which run along the top walls of the building. The regular, square-like erection highlights modernism with the use of wide square arches, giving the simple yet thorough elements the complete opposite construct of the gothic revival style. Diagram showing elements of the gothic revival church Diagram showing elements of the gothic revival church The St. Agnes Anglican Church, as with other gothic structures , has â€Å"pointed arches enclosing at least two subdivisions in the window†¦so as to furnish strong shadows and increase solemnity of the effect†, highly embezzled moldings, a portal, rose windows, stained glass and lesser highlighted detailing. In some ways, we can see similar features between the two eras of architecture through a look at the representative buildings. Both Michi and St. Agnes house the public, and encourage citizens to come and gather to enjoy their structures for an intended purpose (be it recreation or religion) in stylistic surroundings. In support of this, according to Hopkins â€Å"there is no style of architecture which admits such variety, which is so beautiful on any scale and which is so little dependent on style for its effect† (Hopkins, 1836, p. 25). As such, it can be said that the gothic revival depends more on its style to be noticed. However, what this also proves is that the design process in today’s era still reads a little from that of the gothic revival. Architects in today’s era creating modern structures seek to be noticed by their elaborate yet simple designs. This is evident with the Modern design of Michi and the Winchester building. Thus, we see where though architecture has evolved through a look at the themes, there are some features that are still similar to this day. Both styles of architecture compared allowed one to see the relation which they had whether similarities or differences. Whilst many elements of architecture for both styles explored were brought forward, each style will forever be changing and evolving. Through different interpretations of these themes, the outer and inner appearance of both showed that even though architecture is evolving some things will continuously be carried on through the ages. Gothic revival and modern architecture are both unique in their own special way; gothic which tried to stand out in its era and Modern which continues to stand out in its own era. Through final analysis the styles of the past will continue to shine through to the styles of the future.